Two Silicon Valley Startups Enjoy Strong Debuts on Wall Street


It’s a big day on Wall Street for hardcore tech.


On Friday, two engineering-focused Silicon Valley startups made their public debut: Hortonworks, the big-data outfit spun off from Yahoo, and New Relic, the internet-software monitoring company whose billboards have littered the San Francisco Bay Area in recent months. And both companies made strong starts to life on Wall Street, paving the way for a rather robust generation of startups that aim to reinvent the way the world’s businesses build and operate and monitor and analyze their large online services.


The two companies are trading on different exchanges. Hortonworks, which set a $16 per-share price on Thursday, opened 50 percent higher on the Nasdaq, at $24 a share. Meanwhile, New Relic initially priced at $23 a share and opened 31 percent higher on the New York Stock Exchange, at $30 a share.


These prices exceed the range offered at both companies’ IPO filings: Hortonworks, which raised $100 million in its offering, had proposed to go public for between $12 to $14 per share, while New Relic, which raised $115 million, initially proposed a range of $20 to $22 per share.


Hortonworks, which was founded in 2011, sells support and services for Hadoop, an open source platform that helps companies store, transform, analyze, and make use of massive amounts of online data, while New Relic, founded in 2008, offers a service that monitors websites and other online applications for outages and other performance issues. Hortonworks is showing the way for several other big-data startups, including Cloudera and MapR and Databricks, and New Relic is proving there’s an appetite for companies offering online tools to the world’s software developers. Startups such as GitHub may follow in its wake.



Apple 1 That Steve Jobs Programmed Sells for $365,000


appleOne-MAIN-TONED

courtesy Christies.com



A rare Apple-1 computer—one that Steve Jobs himself worked on—has sold at auction for $365,000.


The computer—one of about 60 from Apple’s first line of machines—was sold to an undisclosed buyer on Thursday by Christie’s in New York.


It was originally purchased back in July of 1976 by a man named Charlie Ricketts, who dropped by Steve Jobs’ parents’ garage in Palo Alto, California to plunk down $600 for the then-unknown computer. A month later, Ricketts paid Jobs another $193 for some extra programming work on the machine.


We’re not sure exactly what programming work Jobs did on the system, but the man who sold the machine yesterday, Bob Luther, thinks he probably just enhanced the system so that it could store programs on an audio cassette recorder and run Apple’s version of the Basic programing language. “He was actually quite a competent technician,” Luther says of Jobs.


Luther picked up the Apple-1 in a Washington, D.C. sheriff’s auction a decade ago, and became obsessed with the computer’s history, so much so that he wrote a 391 page book about the computer. He paid $7,600 for the Apple computer, manual, and Ricketts’ cancelled checks from back in the ’70s. “I think most people there thought I’d paid too much for it,” he remembers.


He got a pretty good return on his investment, but he says $365,000 was “definitely less than expected.”


In October, the Henry Ford Museum paid $905,000 for a different Apple-1. That’s two-and-a-half times what Luther’s system fetched. “It’s just the realities of auctions,” he says. “You take a chance when you go to auction.”


Luther did do a far sight better than Apple co-founder Ron Wayne. His archives, which included an early Apple logo and renderings of his proposed Apple II case design, went for just $25,000.



Game|Life Podcast: Nintendo’s Big Blunder, Plus Scenes From PlayStation’s Vegas Bash


amiibo lifestyle

Nintendo



It’s a laugh riot of a podcast this week on Game|Life, in which we recount the hilarious tale of what happened when we wrote about Nintendo’s discontinuation of some of its Amiibo figures earlier this week.


Once that’s over, we attempt to move the ball a ways down the field on this whole Amiibogeddon situation, discuss why Nintendo made a bad move here and what’s to be done about it. We’re still seeking additional, clearer comment from Nintendo about its plans for keeping Amiibo figures around.


WIRED senior editor Peter Rubin has returned from PlayStation Experience, and has stuff to say about all that. Bo Moore chimes in with discussion of Dragon Age: Inquisition and other exciting stories.


Game|Life’s podcast is posted on Friday, is available on iTunes, can be downloaded directly and is embedded below.



Game|Life Audio Podcast


[dewplayer: “http://ift.tt/1GkmAHT]



​​



YouTube Now Has a GIF-Maker—But It’s Only for Special Users


Photo: Ariel Zambelich/Wired

Photo: Ariel Zambelich/Wired



It’s only available on the PBS Idea Channel, and you’re limited to five-second animated nuggets, but YouTube is flirting heavily with the GIF. Hidden in the “Share” tools for that PBS channel, there’s a “GIF” tab that lets you set in- and out-points for a video. You can also type upper- and lower-third text that appears as an overlay (in Impact font, of course).


The end result is an animated GIF hosted on YouTube’s servers, available as both a standalone YouTube link or as an iframe embed. Like all GIFs, they don’t appear as in-line animations on Twitter, but here’s what they look like as an embed. Clicking the GIF will bring you to the full video on YouTube.



Two Silicon Valley Startups Enjoy Strong Debuts on Wall Street


It’s a big day on Wall Street for hardcore tech.


On Friday, two engineering-focused Silicon Valley startups made their public debut: Hortonworks, the big-data outfit spun off from Yahoo, and New Relic, the internet-software monitoring company whose billboards have littered the San Francisco Bay Area in recent months. And both companies made strong starts to life on Wall Street, paving the way for a rather robust generation of startups that aim to reinvent the way the world’s businesses build and operate and monitor and analyze their large online services.


The two companies are trading on different exchanges. Hortonworks, which set a $16 per-share price on Thursday, opened 50 percent higher on the Nasdaq, at $24 a share. Meanwhile, New Relic initially priced at $23 a share and opened 31 percent higher on the New York Stock Exchange, at $30 a share.


These prices exceed the range offered at both companies’ IPO filings: Hortonworks, which raised $100 million in its offering, had proposed to go public for between $12 to $14 per share, while New Relic, which raised $115 million, initially proposed a range of $20 to $22 per share.


Hortonworks, which was founded in 2011, sells support and services for Hadoop, an open source platform that helps companies store, transform, analyze, and make use of massive amounts of online data, while New Relic, founded in 2008, offers a service that monitors websites and other online applications for outages and other performance issues. Hortonworks is showing the way for several other big-data startups, including Cloudera and MapR and Databricks, and New Relic is proving there’s an appetite for companies offering online tools to the world’s software developers. Startups such as GitHub may follow in its wake.



Oil-dwelling bacteria are social creatures in Earth's deep biosphere

Oil reservoirs are scattered deep inside Earth like far-flung islands in the ocean, so their inhabitants might be expected to be very different, but a new study led by Dartmouth College and University of Oslo researchers shows these underground microbes are social creatures that have exchanged genes for eons.



The study, which was led by researchers at Dartmouth College and the University of Oslo, appears in the ISME Journal.


The findings shed new light on the "deep biosphere," or the vast subterranean realm whose single-celled residents are estimated to be roughly equal in number and diversity to all the microbes inhabiting the surface's land, water and air. Deep microbial research may also help scientists to better understand life's early evolution on Earth and aid the search for life on Mars and other planets.


Some scientists support a "burial and isolation" scenario in which bacteria living in oil reservoirs are descendants of isolated bacterial communities buried with sediments that over time became oil reservoirs. "Instead, our analysis supports a more complex 'colonization' view, where bacteria from subsurface and marine populations have been continuously migrating into the oil reservoirs and influencing their genetic composition since ancient times," says co-author Olga Zhaxybayeva, an assistant professor at Dartmouth.


Since the 1980s, a growing number of microbial life forms have been discovered deep underground, but many questions remain, including when and how these microorganisms came to inhabit places where temperatures and pressure are extreme and nutrients and energy can be scarce. Microorganisms are the oldest form of life on Earth and continue to play a crucial role in the planet's ecosystem. Those bacteria dwelling underground live not off sunlight energy but Earth's inner heat, chemicals and nutrients.


In their new paper, researchers asked a number of questions, including: do buried bacteria adapt to living in oil reservoirs as they form from sediments? Do bacteria evolve in isolation, or do they migrate to oil reservoirs and exchange genes with surrounding bacteria, including surface ones introduced through drilling fluids used in oil production? The researchers analyzed 11 genomes of Thermotoga, an ancient lineage of heat-loving bacteria, taken from oil reservoirs in the North Sea and Japan and from hot water vents on the ocean floor near the Kuril Islands north of Japan, Italy and the Azores, an island chain west of Portugal. They also analyzed Thermotoga community DNA from the environment (so-called metagenomes) from North America and Australia that are available in public databases.


The results reveal extensive gene flow across all the sampled environments, suggesting the bacteria do not stay isolated in the oil reservoirs but instead have long migrated to and colonized the reservoirs and contributed to their genetic make-up. "The pathway of the gene flow remains to be explained, but we hypothesize that a lot of the gene flow may happen within the subsurface," says co-author Camilla Nesbø, a researcher at Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis at the University of Oslo. Zhaxybayeva and Nesbø's previous research showed that Thermotoga and its close relatives have exchanged small pieces of genome with Archaea, an ancient single-celled life form different from bacteria, and with another distant group of bacteria, Firmicutes.




Story Source:


The above story is based on materials provided by Dartmouth College . Note: Materials may be edited for content and length.



Bacterial biofilms are associated with colon cancer, imaging technique reveals

Since the first "catalog" of the normal bacterial makeup of the human body was published in 2012, numerous connections between illness and disturbances in the human microbiota have been found. This week, scientists report yet another: Cancerous tumors in the ascending colon (the part nearest to the small intestine) are characterized by biofilms, which are dense clumps of bacterial cells encased in a self-produced matrix.



"This is the first time that biofilms have been shown to be associated with colon cancer, to our knowledge," says co-author Jessica Mark Welch, a scientist at the Marine Biological Laboratory (MBL) in Woods Hole, Mass.


The discovery, led by researchers at the Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, draws on a novel way to "see" microbial community structure that was developed by Mark Welch and colleagues at the MBL. Called combinatorial imaging, it could potentially be used to clinically diagnose pre-cancerous and cancerous conditions in the ascending colon.


In healthy people, the colon is covered in a mucus layer (mucosa) that helps keep bacteria away from the colon's "skin," or epithelia. Remarkably, the team found that colon cancer patients who have tumor-associated biofilms also have biofilms on tumor-free areas of the nearby mucosa.


"This suggests that either the tumor allows the biofilm to form, or the biofilm is helping to cause the tumor," says Mark Welch. "The breaching of the mucus layer could allow bacteria to come into contact with the host epithelial cells, and that is one thing that could lead to cancer."


The team found that tumors in the descending colon (going to the rectum) do not have associated biofilms.


Mark Welch and MBL co-authors Gary Borisy (now at the Forsyth Institute) and Blair Rossetti are among a group of MBL scientists who invented the combinatorial imaging technique used in this research. Different colors of fluorescent probes (nine in this study) "light up" different species of bacteria in the biofilm, revealing the 3-D structure of its microbial community. They found that the biofilms associated with ascending colon tumors are composed of many species of bacteria; they are diverse (non-identical); and that the part of the biofilm that invades the mucosal layer contains a subset of all the bacterial strains in the biofilm, rather than just one invading strain.




Story Source:


The above story is based on materials provided by Marine Biological Laboratory . The original article was written by Diana Kenney. Note: Materials may be edited for content and length.



Gut microbiota and Parkinson’s disease: Connection made

Parkinson's disease sufferers have a different microbiota in their intestines than their healthy counterparts, according to a study conducted at the University of Helsinki and the Helsinki University Central Hospital. Researchers are now trying to determine what the connection between intestinal microbes and Parkinson's disease is.



"Our most important observation was that patients with Parkinson's have much less bacteria from the Prevotellaceae family; unlike the control group, practically no one in the patient group had a large quantity of bacteria from this family," states DMSc Filip Scheperjans, neurologist at the Neurology Clinic of the Helsinki University Hospital (HUCH).


The study was published in Movement Disorders, the Clinical Journal of the International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.


The researchers have not yet determined what the lack of Prevotellaceae bacteria in Parkinson's sufferers means -- do these bacteria perhaps have a property which protects their host from the disease? Or does this discovery merely indicate that intestinal dysfunction is part of the pathology? "It's an interesting question which we are trying to answer," Sheperjans says.


Another interesting discovery was that the amount of bacteria from the Enterobacteriaceae family in the intestine was connected to the degree of severity of balance and walking problems in the patients. The more Enterobacteriaceae they had, the more severe the symptoms.


"We are currently re-examining these same subjects to determine whether the differences are permanent and whether intestinal bacteria are associated with the progression of the disease and therefore its prognosis," explains Sheperjans. "In addition, we will have to see if these changes in the bacterial ecosystem are apparent before the onset of motor symptoms. We will of course also try to establish the basis of this connection between intestinal microbiota and Parkinson's disease -- what kind of mechanism binds them."


The researchers also hope that their discoveries could ultimately be used to develop a testing method which would improve the diagnostics in Parkinson's disease and perhaps finally find a way to treat or even prevent Parkinson's by focusing on gut microbiota.




Story Source:


The above story is based on materials provided by Helsingin yliopisto (University of Helsinki) . Note: Materials may be edited for content and length.



Microbiologists discover how gut bacterial resources are hijacked to promote intestinal, foodborne illnesses

UT Southwestern Medical Center microbiologists have identified key bacteria in the gut whose resources are hijacked to spread harmful foodborne E. coli infections and other intestinal illnesses.



Though many E. coli bacteria are harmless and critical to gut health, some E. coli species are harmful and can be spread through contaminated food and water, causing diarrhea and other intestinal illnesses. Among them is enterohemorrhagic E. coli or EHEC, one of the most common foodborne pathogens linked with outbreaks featured in the news, including the multistate outbreaks tied to raw sprouts and ground beef in 2014.


The UT Southwestern team discovered that EHEC uses a common gut bacterium called Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron to worsen EHEC infection. B. thetaiotaomicron is a predominant species in the gut's microbiota, which consists of tens of trillions of microorganisms used to digest food, produce vitamins, and provide a barrier against harmful microorganisms.


"EHEC has learned to how to steal scarce resources that are made by other species in the microbiota for its own survival in the gut," said lead author Dr. Meredith Curtis, Postdoctoral Researcher at UT Southwestern.


The research team found that B. thetaiotaomicron causes changes in the environment that promote EHEC infection, in part by enhancing EHEC colonization, according to the paper, appearing in the journal Cell Host Microbe.


"We usually think of our microbiota as a resistance barrier for pathogen colonization, but some crafty pathogens have learned how to capitalize on this role," said Dr. Vanessa Sperandio, Professor of Microbiology and Biochemistry at UT Southwestern and senior author.


EHEC senses changes in sugar concentrations brought about by B. thetaiotaomicron and uses this information to turn on virulence genes that help the infection colonize the gut, thwart recognition and killing by the host immune system, and obtain enough nutrients to survive. The group observed a similar pattern when mice were infected with their equivalent of EHEC, the gut bacterium Citrobacter rodentium. Mice whose gut microbiota consisted solely of B. thetaiotaomicron were more susceptible to infection than those that had no gut microbiota. Once again, the research group saw that B. thetaiotaomicron caused changes in the environment that promoted C. rodentium infection.


"This study opens up the door to understand how different microbiota composition among hosts may impact the course and outcome of an infection," said Dr. Sperandio, whose lab studies how bacteria recognize the host and how this recognition might be exploited to interfere with bacterial infections. "We are testing the idea that differential gastrointestinal microbiota compositions play an important role in determining why, in an EHEC outbreak, some people only have mild diarrhea, others have bloody diarrhea and some progress to hemolytic uremic syndrome, even though all are infected with the same strain of the pathogen."


The Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention (CDC) estimates that each year roughly 1 in 6 Americans (or 48 million people) gets food poisoning; 128,000 are hospitalized;, and 3,000 die of their food-borne disease. EHEC, which also caused a widespread outbreak in Europe in 2011, can lead to bloody diarrhea, hemorrhagic colitis, and hemolytic uremic syndrome, which in turn can lead to kidney disease and failure. EHEC is among the top five pathogens contributing to domestically acquired foodborne illnesses resulting in hospitalization, according to the CDC. Outbreaks in 2014 were reported in California, Idaho, Massachusetts, Michigan, Missouri, Ohio, Montana, Utah, and Washington.




Story Source:


The above story is based on materials provided by UT Southwestern Medical Center . Note: Materials may be edited for content and length.



Apple 1 That Steve Jobs Programmed Sells for $365,000


appleOne-MAIN-TONED

courtesy Christies.com



A rare Apple-1 computer—one that Steve Jobs himself worked on—has sold at auction for $365,000.


The computer—one of about 60 from Apple’s first line of machines—was sold to an undisclosed buyer on Thursday by Christie’s in New York.


It was originally purchased back in July of 1976 by a man named Charlie Ricketts, who dropped by Steve Jobs’ parents’ garage in Palo Alto, California to plunk down $600 for the then-unknown computer. A month later, Ricketts paid Jobs another $193 for some extra programming work on the machine.


We’re not sure exactly what programming work Jobs did on the system, but the man who sold the machine yesterday, Bob Luther, thinks he probably just enhanced the system so that it could store programs on an audio cassette recorder and run Apple’s version of the Basic programing language. “He was actually quite a competent technician,” Luther says of Jobs.


Luther picked up the Apple-1 in a Washington, D.C. sheriff’s auction a decade ago, and became obsessed with the computer’s history, so much so that he wrote a 391 page book about the computer. He paid $7,600 for the Apple computer, manual, and Ricketts’ cancelled checks from back in the ’70s. “I think most people there thought I’d paid too much for it,” he remembers.


He got a pretty good return on his investment, but he says $365,000 was “definitely less than expected.”


In October, the Henry Ford Museum paid $905,000 for a different Apple-1. That’s two-and-a-half times what Luther’s system fetched. “It’s just the realities of auctions,” he says. “You take a chance when you go to auction.”


Luther did do a far sight better than Apple co-founder Ron Wayne. His archives, which included an early Apple logo and renderings of his proposed Apple II case design, went for just $25,000.



Game|Life Podcast: Adios, Amiibos?


amiibo lifestyle

Nintendo



It’s a laugh riot of a podcast this week on Game|Life, in which we recount the hilarious tale of what happened when we wrote about Nintendo’s discontinuation of some of its Amiibo figures earlier this week.


Once that’s over, we attempt to move the ball a ways down the field on this whole Amiibogeddon situation, discuss why Nintendo made a bad move here and what’s to be done about it. We’re still seeking additional, clearer comment from Nintendo about its plans for keeping Amiibo figures around.


WIRED senior editor Peter Rubin has returned from PlayStation Experience, and has stuff to say about all that. Bo Moore chimes in with discussion of Dragon Age: Inquisition and other exciting stories.


Game|Life’s podcast is posted on Friday, is available on iTunes, can be downloaded directly and is embedded below.



Game|Life Audio Podcast


[dewplayer: “http://ift.tt/1GkmAHT]



​​



YouTube Rolls Out a GIF-Creation Tool for Some Super-Special Users


Photo: Ariel Zambelich/Wired

Photo: Ariel Zambelich/Wired



It’s only available on the PBS Idea Channel, and you’re limited to five-second animated nuggets, but YouTube is flirting heavily with the GIF. Hidden in the “Share” tools for that PBS channel, there’s a “GIF” tab that lets you set in- and out-points for a video. You can also type upper- and lower-third text that appears as an overlay (in Impact font, of course).


The end result is an animated GIF hosted on YouTube’s servers, available as both a standalone YouTube link or as an iframe embed. Like all GIFs, they don’t appear as in-line animations on Twitter, but here’s what they look like as an embed. Clicking the GIF will bring you to the full video on YouTube.



Tech Time Warp of the Week: Before Oculus Rift, There Was Nintendo’s Disastrous Virtual Boy


Virtual Boy creates an immersive 3-D gaming universe so advanced, the voice says, “it can’t be viewed on conventional TV.”


The voice is talking from a conventional TV, so that’s a particularly tantalizing pitch. And the ad is tricked out with some ultra cool animated-polyhedron graphics. And the Virtual Boy itself looks even cooler. It looks straight out of The Lawnmowerman, and you can strap it on your own face!


As documented in this TV ad from the mid-’90s (see video above), the Virtual Boy was the Oculus Rift of its day. Released by Japanese game giant Nintendo in 1995, it promised to provide a virtual reality unlike anything that came before.


Sadly, it was a giant flop. And you could kinda tell it would be from the ad’s brief glimpse of Mario Tennis, Virtual Boy’s signature game. No, it couldn’t be viewed on conventional TV. But that doesn’t mean it looked good on Virtual Boy.


Virtual Boy’s graphics evoked old-fashioned 3-D movies—the kind you’d wear to red and blue glasses to watch—and Nintendo never really figured out how to take advantage of even this rudimentary VR. At a time when the Sony Playstation and Sega Saturn game consoles were already on the market and the Nintendo 64 was right around the corner, the Virtual Boy’s monochromatic graphics seemed downright retro. It just couldn’t compete with new first person shooters like Doom and Heretic.


“On some level, there seemed to be a belief that this was the inevitable endpoint of videogame progress—a 3-D world that you experienced through a head-mounted visor,” WIRED wrote in 2010 for the the console’s 15th anniversary. “Virtual Boy didn’t actually do that, but it sure looked the part.”


It did—and it has its own particular charm. Much like the doomed Power Glove and Power Pad helped pave the way for the Nintendo Wii, the Virtual Boy helped pave the way for the more successful Nintendo 3DS handheld. And with companies ranging from Sony to open sourcers like AntVR building new virtual reality headsets, this kind of thing may become actual reality. But it won’t play Mario Tennis.


Homepage image: Evan-Amos/Wikimedia



Chinese Tech Giant Baidu to Invest $600 Million in Uber, Says Report


Shanghai, China. February 13th 2014. Driver images for UBER marketing content.

Uber



Mo’ problems? Mo’money! That seems to be Uber’s motto.


The car-hailing service has been beset by bad press, lawsuits, and city-wide bans in recent weeks, and yet investors keep throwing money at it—a cool $1.2 billion in June, another $1.2 billion this month. And now, Bloomberg reports, Chinese search giant Baidu is reportedly pouring another $600 million into the company to shore up Uber’s expansion into China.


What’s a five-year-old company to do with all that cash? It could start by paying its legal fees and stuffing more money to the pockets of government lobbyists.


This week alone, Uber was sued by Los Angeles, San Francisco, and Portland, shut down in Spain and Thailand, and banned by the region of Delhi, after a passenger was allegedly raped by her Uber driver last weekend. At the heart of these bans and lawsuits is Uber’s relatively lax approach to screening drivers for its UberX program, which many argue puts passengers at risk.


Uber has battled regulators state by state in an attempt to loosen background checks for its drivers, even as it touts is service as providing the “safest rides on the road.” Clearly, regulators beg to differ.


But investors seem to be looking past the public uproar, seeing only Uber’s gargantuan global reach and the money-making potential a business like that has. A spokesperson for Baidu confirmed to Bloomberg that the company is planning on making an announcement next week about an investment in a U.S. startup. According to one analyst who spoke with Bloomberg, Baidu’s goal is to use Uber as a way to spread the growth of its mobile payments service, while Uber would benefit from having a local partner to navigate the complex Chinese market.


Uber may face significantly more hurdles in China than it has in the United States, this time from competitors. China’s taxi-hailing market is already dominated by Didi Dache, a Tencent-backed company which recently raised $700 million, as well as Kuaidi Dache, another car-hailing service backed by Alibaba. And yet, as Uber CEO Travis Kalanick noted in a recent blog post, Asia is, quite literally, the next stop on Uber’s roadmap.


But while expansion at any cost has traditionally been Uber’s MO, as the company’s pockets bulge with cash, it’s running out of reasons not to take passenger protection more seriously. It’s the least a company worth $40 billion can do.



New Governance in an Old City: The Challenges of Being Jerusalem’s Mayor


The historic city of Jerusalem is not an easy place to govern. (Image: Flickr/Paul Arps)

The historic city of Jerusalem is not an easy place to govern. (Image: Flickr/Paul Arps)



Few political posts are more intensely, well, political, than that of Mayor of Jerusalem. Every few days, an incident arises that would challenge any city’s chief executive – a kidnapping, a retaliatory homicide, a protest over access to a religious site. But in Jerusalem, a historic crossroads of cultures and a crucible of geopolitics, every tussle is magnified, and any political miscalculation could quickly become an international incident.


Given this calculus, it would be easy to tack toward conservatism, hoping to avoid unintended side effects of speeches or executive acts that could lend a spark to an incendiary situation. But Nir Barkat, the second-term mayor of Jerusalem, shrugs off the historical burden of the leadership mantle, embracing new data-driven tools in hopes of improving life for all of his constituents. “Well it’s definitely more complicated,” he says, following a talk at the CityLab, a gathering of urban innovators sponsored by The Atlantic, the Aspen Institute, and Bloomberg Philanthropies. “But I’ve decided to focus on the future of the city.”


Barkat’s penchant for analytics-driven disruption stems in part from his past life as a tech company founder. (The company, BRM, specialized in antivirus software, sold the technology to Symantec, and currently operates as a VC firm. The Barkat family is still deeply involved, though the Mayor is no longer connected in any official capacity.) “Now I see myself as a public entrepreneur,” he explains, “so it’s very methodological. We use data and information, and we scale successful pilot studies, using the same approach that I took with technology in the business world to change things in the city.”


Among the data-dependent programs is a personalized poverty reduction scheme that incorporated data from both ends – the recipient and the provider – to offer targeted interventions with the best chance of success. A team of researchers looked at all types of poverty reduction programs in the country to see who benefited most; by integrating this information with statistics from the National Insurance Institute and other civic sources, they could tailor the program to the neighborhood. For example, they found that employment workshops aimed at Arab constituents should include a Hebrew language component to facilitate basic understanding.


In some ways, the tense regional political situation, which has effectively isolated Israel from neighboring markets, has necessitated self-sufficiency and homegrown innovation. It’s likely no coincidence that, in a dry environment and little access to fresh water transport, Israeli companies can be found at the leading edge of desalination and drip irrigation technologies.


Similarly, the legacy of a security-driven mindset has enabled commercial spin-offs out of national security concerns. “I see in Israel more and more ideas that are developing in the country maybe for security reasons,” Barkat reflects, his entrepreneurial side never far from the surface. “They may be developed locally here, but they are taken globally.” Two decades ago, a cohort of ex-soldiers pitched Barkat on the idea of digital firewalls. Born from a mentality of defensive security, the idea sprouted Checkpoint, an IT security company that brought in $1.4 billion in 2013. Similarly, Mobileye – whose core technology has been used for driver security in Israel for years – is seen as a global leader in driverless car applications. “I think in the future, you’re going to see really interesting solutions that may be starting in Israel by some of the challenges we have living here,” says Barkat, “but a lot of them will go global.”


Despite the boost that Israel’s defense-based applications have provided, science and technology must ultimately serve as a unifying force. After all, many of the issues Israel faces – particularly environmental ones – are shared by its neighbors, and by offering all parties a stake in solving such challenges, unified effort would become a matter more of practicality than aspiration.


This has yet to happen on a broad scale, but Barkat professes a similar vision. “You understand that we share the same problems and challenges,” he explains, “and when the doctor saves somebody’s life, it doesn’t matter if the doctor or the patient is Jewish or Muslim or Christian. And all of a sudden you see, that through investments in technology and health and life sciences, this is a bridge that gets people together.”



Jesse Jackson Calls For Better Wages for Contract Workers on Apple’s Campus


The media captures the first customers entering the Apple store on Fifth Avenue to purchase the just-released iPad. Photo: Bryan Derballa/WIRED

Photo: Bryan Derballa/WIRED



Reverend Jesse Jackson and a group of 100 protesters battled the rain in Silicon Valley Thursday, as they led a protest on Apple’s Cupertino campus, calling for better working conditions for Apple’s service workers.


According to the San Jose Mercury News , the protesters, including members of the United Service Workers West union, want Apple to take a leading role in improving treatment of the thousands of security guards, food workers, and other service people who work on cushy tech campuses like Apple’s. In particular, United Service Workers West wants to unionize Apple’s security guards, which would lead to better wages. To prove they’re not alone, the protesters brought with them a petition signed by 20,000 people demanding better wages and working conditions for contract workers.


Meanwhile, Reverend Jackson led the group in a call-and-response, repeating, “We marvel at the growth of high tech and biotech, but we are the foundation.”


This is just the latest development in the ongoing debate over inequality in the Bay Area. As companies like Apple, Google, and Facebook lavish high salaries and expensive perks on their internal employees, the service workers at these companies lead a very different lifestyle. Late last year, Google’s buses, which shuttle workers to its Mountain View campus, became a particular point of conflict. Protestors who blocked the buses at city bus stops viewed them as yet another symbol that the city of San Francisco, where the cost of living has already soared, has been overtaken by the tech sector, leaving no room for the middle class.


By April, protesters had begun targeting the homes of individual Google employees, including former Google Ventures partner Kevin Rose. One flyer being passed around his neighborhood at the time read, “As a partner venture capitalist at Google Ventures, Kevin directs the flow of capital from Google into the tech startup bubble that is destroying San Francisco.”


The public outcry has spurred some action by major tech companies. During the protests earlier this year, for instance, Google donated nearly $7 million to fund free rides for low income children on San Francisco’s city buses. And on Friday, the city of San Francisco announced that Google is donating $2 million to local non profits that benefit the city’s homeless.


And yet, the Apple protest proves the problem of inequality in the Bay Area and tech in general is still very much ongoing. Rev. Jackson has taken a particularly active role in urging tech companies to take diversity within their organizations more seriously. Just days ago, in fact, USA Today reported that Jackson met with Apple CEO Tim Cook to discuss inclusiveness at Apple. He also recently met with Microsoft CEO Satya Nadella and plans to meet with Intel CEO Brian Krzanich.


But even as these companies vow to make progress on internal diversity, their relationship with external contract workers remains strained. Activists like Jackson hope that Apple can use its position as a trendsetter to change conditions on its own campus and beyond. As one protestor from the California Labor Federation yelled Thursday, “It’s time for Apple to think different.”



Silk Road Judge: I Won’t Reveal Witnesses Because Ulbricht Could Have Them Killed


Ross Ulbricht.

Ross Ulbricht. Courtesy Ulbricht family



When alleged Silk Road mastermind Ross Ulbricht’s trial begins in less than a month, he’ll face charges of narcotics conspiracy, money laundering, and computer fraud—not murder. But the specter of violence is creeping into Ulbricht’s trial nonetheless. The prosecution and judge in his case have now refused to let him know which witnesses will be testifying against him for fear that he might orchestrate their killing from his jail cell.


In response to a request from prosecutors, New York district court judge Katherine Forrest has allowed prosecutors to keep a list of their witnesses in Ulbricht’s case secret until January 2, the Friday just before his trial begins on the following Monday morning. Her ruling followed a request from the prosecution to redact certain names from the full list to reduce the risk of “harm and intimidation.” They cited the FBI’s account that Ulbricht paid for the murders of six people, including at least one employee who he feared would inform on him to law enforcement. In a letter explaining her decision, Forrest wrote that she was “in no position to find that [those murder-for-hire allegations] are baseless or that witnesses who are known to be preparing to testify against defendant would not be at risk of some retaliatory act.”


Ulbricht’s defense attorneys had objected to the prosecution’s request to keep the witness list secret, arguing that it would make preparing Ulbricht’s defense far more difficult. They also noted that Ulbricht has been jailed “without email and has extremely limited access to the outside world.”


But Forrest wrote in her response that despite his imprisonment, Ulbricht might nonetheless reach contacts who could threaten witnesses. “While defendant has limited access to the outside world, that has been true of many defendants in many cases who have creatively managed around such limitations,” she wrote.


Ulbricht’s defense lawyer Joshua Dratel declined to comment on the judge’s decision.


The accusations of murder-for-hire in Ulbricht’s case have become a controversial albatross around the 30-year-old defendant’s neck: despite describing how Ulbricht allegedly attempted to pay for the murders of six people in pre-trial documents, prosecutors haven’t actually charged Ulbricht with those murders. Nor have they produced any evidence that anyone was actually killed. He has, however, been charged with attempting to pay for the killing of his alleged Silk Road employee Curtis Clark Green in a separate case in Maryland—the hitman to whom he allegedly paid $80,000 was an undercover DEA agent.


When Ulbricht was first arrested in October of last year, prosecutors’ claims of his violent acts quickly eroded his popular support among Silk Road’s thousands of users and much of the libertarian community. His alleged persona in the Silk Road’s community forums, by contrast, had encouraged only victimless crime like drug use, and advocated a nonviolent free market philosophy. Ulbricht’s lawyers and family have argued that the alleged killings without formal charges were intended to taint his reputation.


“This is…an uncharged crime, which conveniently requires no proof but goes a long way to prejudice a jury (and the public),” reads a blog post on FreeRoss.org, a website created by Ulbricht’s family and friends. “Basically the prosecution wants [to] smear Ross’ reputation without having to prove anything.”


Despite leaving murder-for-hire out of its charges, the prosecution in the New York case has countered that the murder accusations fall within the broader charge of a narcotics conspiracy. But the defense has repeatedly sought to have discussion of the murder-for-hire cases precluded from the trial. “The mere mention of the ‘murder for hire’ allegations would improperly introduce the toxic issue of violence and murder, generating [irremediable] prejudice to Mr. Ulbricht,” reads the defense’s latest motion filed earlier this week.


Judge Forrest has yet to rule on that motion. In the mean time, those murder accusations will continue to weigh on Ulbricht’s reputation—and keep his defense in the dark.



A Quirky Adventure Game That Brings Back Maniac Mansion’s Mojo


Bank

Ron Gilbert and Gary Winnick



If you ever happened upon the classic adventure game Maniac Mansion, that’s exactly what you’ll think of when you look at Thimbleweed Park. The giant pixels! The big heads! The list of clickable verbs!


That’s no coincidence, and it’s no mere homage, either: Thimbleweed, currently seeking funding on Kickstarter, is created by the same crew that designed LucasArts’ genre-defining masterpiece back in 1987. Those nostalgic graphics are opening fans’ wallets: Thimbleweed met its Kickstarter goal of $375,000 in less than a week, and is just over half a million dollars in funding today.


But the designers behind the game point out that the retro style isn’t just for scoring cool points. The big pixels are an integral part of making the game they want to make.


“Using simpler or retro graphics allows smaller teams to make interesting and innovative games,” says designer Ron Gilbert. “It’s one of the reasons we see such a huge surge in the indie scene right now.”


It was at George Lucas’ Skywalker Ranch in the 1980s that Gilbert and co-designer Gary Winnick created the cult classic Maniac Mansion, an adventure game that helped establish the “point-and-click” genre. Instead of having to type commands into a text parser like Sierra’s King’s Quest, you could see all the possible actions and click on words and pictures to string together a text command.


Later adventure games ditched the text for graphical icons, and significantly reduced most of those verbs down to one: “Use.” Thimbleweed Park, which the team hopes to release in June 2016, brings back the text.


The pitch is a little bit Twin Peaks, a little bit True Detective: In the town of Thimbleweed Park (population: 81), a dead body mysteriously turns up bobbing down the town river, prompting two has-been detectives to head to the scene. From there, the player bounces between five quirky playable characters, also including a cursed clown who can never take off his makeup and a woman sitting through the reading of her rich dead uncle’s will.


thimbleweed gif

Ron Gilbert and Gary Winnick



“The art style we chose helps in keeping the cost down,” says Gilbert. Compared to other games funded through Kickstarter, Thimbleweed isn’t asking for much. Even its stretch goals only go up to $625,000. Broken Age, by Gilbert’s fellow LucasArts alum Tim Schafer, ended its crowdfunding run at $3.3 million in 2012.


But it’s about more than just cost. Simpler graphic presentations can attract more players, said Winnick.


“People immediately understand what you’re putting in front of them,” says Winnick. “It’s kind of like playing as the Scotty dog in Monopoly. It’s very identifiable and accessible.”


But the reason they’re using this style might even be more fundamental than all that. Do you think the best adventure games ever made featured classic 2-D graphics? Gilbert says the reason for that might be more than pure nostalgia.


“Iteration is really important in adventure game [design],” he said. “To quickly get things into the game and see how they feel. Being able to move fast is good because when you throw something out, you’re not wasting twenty artists’ time who are all building 3-D models.”


Keeping the team small, Gilbert says, is also important to creativity. Gilbert and Winnick never had any real disagreements during Mansion’s development. That’s really saying something, considering they didn’t just share an office back in the day—they shared a condo, too.


“You’re not dealing with a whole bunch of people you need to manage,” Gilbert says. “I’ve managed teams of 20 or 30 people, spending more time managing than designing or programming.”


And if you’re making a game that really depends on wacky scenarios and offbeat humor, as LucasArts’ classic adventures often did, a game made by a handful of people who get each other’s jokes has got to be better than one designed by a massive humor committee.


“Indies have the freedom to fail and that’s very important for creativity,” says Gilbert. “When you’re spending $30 million to make a game, you don’t try new things.”



The Map Lab Holiday Gift Guide



These 3-D wooden maps from Below the Boat ($138 - $358) are like beautiful bathymetric sculptures. I have one of the Bay Area on my wall, and everyone who sees it loves it almost as much as I do. Check out their huge collection of lakes, rivers, bays and other waterways. Below the Boat



These 3-D wooden maps from Below the Boat ($138 - $358) are like beautiful bathymetric sculptures. I have one of the Bay Area on my wall, and everyone who sees it loves it almost as much as I do. Check out their huge collection of lakes, rivers, bays and other waterways.

Below the Boat



If you missed the Kickstarter for the Urban Gridded Dogtag ($65), you can still get one from Aminimal Studio. They are currently only offering them in stainless steel, but there are a ton of cities available, and they also have other map jewelry and coasters in different metals and colors. Bonus points if you can name the cities on the tags in this photo! Aminimal Studio



If you missed the Kickstarter for the Urban Gridded Dogtag ($65), you can still get one from Aminimal Studio. They are currently only offering them in stainless steel, but there are a ton of cities available, and they also have other map jewelry and coasters in different metals and colors. Bonus points if you can name the cities on the tags in this photo!

Aminimal Studio



I love these State Slates from The Uncommon Green. They combine two of my favorite things: rocks and maps! Available in all 50 states, these are perfect to use as trivets or serving platters. The Uncommon Green



I love these State Slates from The Uncommon Green. They combine two of my favorite things: rocks and maps! Available in all 50 states, these are perfect to use as trivets or serving platters.

The Uncommon Green



Haptic Lab's New Coastal Quilts ($219-289) are great gifts for the water baby on your list. And for your landlocked friends, there are beautiful City Quilts and Constellation Quilts. On a budget or looking for a more personal gift? Get a DIY Quilt Kit and stitch one up yourself. Haptic Lab



Haptic Lab's New Coastal Quilts ($219-289) are great gifts for the water baby on your list. And for your landlocked friends, there are beautiful City Quilts and Constellation Quilts. On a budget or looking for a more personal gift? Get a DIY Quilt Kit and stitch one up yourself.

Haptic Lab



Fathom's roadway maps ($45 - $127) are a strikingly minimalistic representation of states. Only roads are present, not even borders are shown on these maps. You can get any state you like, in three starkly contrasted color schemes, so there's something for any map-loving yank on your list. Fathom



Fathom's roadway maps ($45 - $127) are a strikingly minimalistic representation of states. Only roads are present, not even borders are shown on these maps. You can get any state you like, in three starkly contrasted color schemes, so there's something for any map-loving yank on your list.

Fathom



MonochĹŤme's custom apparel ($45 - $85) is printed with whatever map you like, based on OpenStreetMap data. You may be a tad late to get a skirt printed in time for Christmas, but these are so cool, who'll complain? And, you can still get a shirt rush-ordered today in time to make it under the tree. MonochĹŤme



MonochĹŤme's custom apparel ($45 - $85) is printed with whatever map you like, based on OpenStreetMap data. You may be a tad late to get a skirt printed in time for Christmas, but these are so cool, who'll complain? And, you can still get a shirt rush-ordered today in time to make it under the tree.

MonochĹŤme



LatLon notebooks ($11, 3 for $25) from Analog are perfect stocking stuffers for cartonerds. They've meticulously created elevation maps of six different islands including Tahiti and Barbados, the glacier on top of Iceland's Eyjafjallajökull volcano, or the Ares Valles islands on Mars. Order soon, because they will be shipped from Iceland! Josh Valcarcel / WIRED



LatLon notebooks ($11, 3 for $25) from Analog are perfect stocking stuffers for cartonerds. They've meticulously created elevation maps of six different islands including Tahiti and Barbados, the glacier on top of Iceland's Eyjafjallajökull volcano, or the Ares Valles islands on Mars. Order soon, because they will be shipped from Iceland!

Josh Valcarcel / WIRED



The Livingstone Globe (£1,999, ~$3,135) may be a bit pricey for 14 inches, but it is made by Bellerby & Co., incomparable creators of handcrafted of globes. It comes in several colors, and there is a Celestial version as well. And if you are lucky enough to have a (much) bigger budget, they also make (much) bigger globes Or, go a step further and order a bespoke globe exactly like you want it. Bellerby & Co.



The Livingstone Globe (£1,999, ~$3,135) may be a bit pricey for 14 inches, but it is made by Bellerby & Co., incomparable creators of handcrafted of globes. It comes in several colors, and there is a Celestial version as well. And if you are lucky enough to have a (much) bigger budget, they also make (much) bigger globes Or, go a step further and order a bespoke globe exactly like you want it.

Bellerby & Co.



Real Wood Mapscases ($35-$36) from The Uncommon Green come in two different colors for either iPhone 5 or iPhone 6 for 11 different U.S. cities. These attractive road maps are etched in wood with a matte texture and slim black casing. The Uncommon Green



Real Wood Mapscases ($35-$36) from The Uncommon Green come in two different colors for either iPhone 5 or iPhone 6 for 11 different U.S. cities. These attractive road maps are etched in wood with a matte texture and slim black casing.

The Uncommon Green



These city maps from ræ | nordico ($50) come in three different unique color schemes for 161 different cities on six continents. ræ | nordico



These city maps from ræ | nordico ($50) come in three different unique color schemes for 161 different cities on six continents.

ræ | nordico



What true map lover wouldn't want to Save a Map ($250 - $23,000) in Boston Public Library's awesome collection of antique maps? You can help restore an irreplaceable map in the name of your friend or loved one. The library has hundreds of historically significant maps in deteriorating condition that need help, including 17th and 18th century atlases, 19th century world maps, and maps from the American Revolutionary War Era. Boston Public Library



What true map lover wouldn't want to Save a Map ($250 - $23,000) in Boston Public Library's awesome collection of antique maps? You can help restore an irreplaceable map in the name of your friend or loved one. The library has hundreds of historically significant maps in deteriorating condition that need help, including 17th and 18th century atlases, 19th century world maps, and maps from the American Revolutionary War Era.

Boston Public Library



The Game of Thrones Map and Marker Set (on sale for $199) from Dark Horse Comics is a scaled-down replica of Robb Stark's map of Westeros from the HBO series. The six markers represent the house symbols and should obviously be used to to plot your path to world domination. Dark Horse Comics



The Game of Thrones Map and Marker Set (on sale for $199) from Dark Horse Comics is a scaled-down replica of Robb Stark's map of Westeros from the HBO series. The six markers represent the house symbols and should obviously be used to to plot your path to world domination.

Dark Horse Comics



The Map Notebook ($20, 3 for $50) from Best Made Company has blank maps with dotted grids on the right-hand pages, and space for notes on the left-hand sides. You'll be ready to map everything, everywhere you go! Best Made Company



The Map Notebook ($20, 3 for $50) from Best Made Company has blank maps with dotted grids on the right-hand pages, and space for notes on the left-hand sides. You'll be ready to map everything, everywhere you go!

Best Made Company



How many countries have you visited? Show your travels off with a Scratch Map (£12 - £20, ~$19 - $31). These are perfect for the budding cartographer on your list. Get one for the U.S., Europe, or the world (flat or globe). This would have been a lot easier than trying to fit every state's magnet onto the fridge -- besides, they made Delaware too big and California too small, which ruined the map of course. Scratch Map



How many countries have you visited? Show your travels off with a Scratch Map (£12 - £20, ~$19 - $31). These are perfect for the budding cartographer on your list. Get one for the U.S., Europe, or the world (flat or globe). This would have been a lot easier than trying to fit every state's magnet onto the fridge -- besides, they made Delaware too big and California too small, which ruined the map of course.

Scratch Map