The Best New Photos of Earth From a Huge Flock of Minisatellites



San Francisco Bay Area, California, USA. July 23, 2014.


The southernmost portion of the San Francisco Bay contains a number of salt ponds and levee trails. Cutting through several nature reserves, the Dumbarton bridge connects East Palo Alto and Fremont. Facebook’s campus can be seen in the lower left. Planet Labs



San Francisco Bay Area, California, USA. July 23, 2014.

The southernmost portion of the San Francisco Bay contains a number of salt ponds and levee trails. Cutting through several nature reserves, the Dumbarton bridge connects East Palo Alto and Fremont. Facebook’s campus can be seen in the lower left.



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Três Marias Reservoir, Minas Gerais, Brazil. July 31, 2014.


The Represa Três Marias, the result of damming the São Francisco river, is one of the largest reservoirs in Brazil. In 2014, Minas Gerais experienced one of the worst droughts of the last 50 years. The lower water level can be seen by using the compare tool. Planet Labs



Três Marias Reservoir, Minas Gerais, Brazil. July 31, 2014.

The Represa Três Marias, the result of damming the São Francisco river, is one of the largest reservoirs in Brazil. In 2014, Minas Gerais experienced one of the worst droughts of the last 50 years. The lower water level can be seen by using the compare tool.



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Bohai Sea Aquaculture, China. August 12, 2014.


Rectangular ponds along the coast of China’s Bohai Sea indicate the presence of aquaculture. Species farmed in the area include shrimp, sea cucumber, and abalone. The inland landscape is also intensively farmed, featuring small villages surrounded by fields. Planet Labs



Bohai Sea Aquaculture, China. August 12, 2014.

Rectangular ponds along the coast of China’s Bohai Sea indicate the presence of aquaculture. Species farmed in the area include shrimp, sea cucumber, and abalone. The inland landscape is also intensively farmed, featuring small villages surrounded by fields.



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New Orleans, Louisiana, USA. October 5, 2014.


While the Mississippi River is the lifeblood of New Orleans—providing access to the interior of North America from the Gulf of Mexico—it is also a threat. A system of levees along the river protects the center of the city from flooding and hurricane storm surges. Planet Labs



New Orleans, Louisiana, USA. October 5, 2014.

While the Mississippi River is the lifeblood of New Orleans—providing access to the interior of North America from the Gulf of Mexico—it is also a threat. A system of levees along the river protects the center of the city from flooding and hurricane storm surges.



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Irrigated Fields, Arizona, USA. August 16, 2014.


Dark green fields stand out against the pale desert floor in Pinal County, Arizona. The region’s farms rely on irrigation, since they receive less than 10 inches of rain a year. Irrigation water comes from two main sources: the Colorado River and aquifers. Planet Labs



Irrigated Fields, Arizona, USA. August 16, 2014.

Dark green fields stand out against the pale desert floor in Pinal County, Arizona. The region’s farms rely on irrigation, since they receive less than 10 inches of rain a year. Irrigation water comes from two main sources: the Colorado River and aquifers.



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Arkhangelsk, Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia. August 5, 2014.


Here we can see the center of Arkhangelsk, a Russian city at the top of the Northern Dvina River delta, which flows into the nearby White Sea. Planet Labs



Arkhangelsk, Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia. August 5, 2014.

Here we can see the center of Arkhangelsk, a Russian city at the top of the Northern Dvina River delta, which flows into the nearby White Sea.



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Castaic Reservoir, California, USA. August 5, 2014.


The shoreline of Castaic Lake, a reservoir northwest of Los Angeles, hints at the extent of California’s ongoing drought. As of August 5, 2014, the reservoir was only 46 percent full, compared to the historical average of 55 percent. Planet Labs



Castaic Reservoir, California, USA. August 5, 2014.

The shoreline of Castaic Lake, a reservoir northwest of Los Angeles, hints at the extent of California’s ongoing drought. As of August 5, 2014, the reservoir was only 46 percent full, compared to the historical average of 55 percent.



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Desertification Control Project, Ningxia, China. July 14, 2014.


Agricultural lands abut the Yellow River, just outside of Touzha in Pingluo County, China. This is part of the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region in Northwestern China, where a desertification control project is under way to preserve agricultural lands. Planet Labs



Desertification Control Project, Ningxia, China. July 14, 2014.

Agricultural lands abut the Yellow River, just outside of Touzha in Pingluo County, China. This is part of the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region in Northwestern China, where a desertification control project is under way to preserve agricultural lands.



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Airport, Beijing, China. July 25, 2014.


Beijing Capital International Airport Terminal 3 was built for the 2008 Olympic Games, and is now the second largest airport terminal in the world. The airport itself is an exclave of the Chaoyang District, but the area surrounding it is the suburban Shunyi district. Planet Labs



Airport, Beijing, China. July 25, 2014.

Beijing Capital International Airport Terminal 3 was built for the 2008 Olympic Games, and is now the second largest airport terminal in the world. The airport itself is an exclave of the Chaoyang District, but the area surrounding it is the suburban Shunyi district.



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Lake Diefenbaker, Saskatchewan, Canada. September 1, 2014.


Filled in 1967, Lake Diefenbaker is a 140-mile-long reservoir along the South Saskatchewan and Qu’Appelle Rivers. Diefenbaker is renowned for harboring extremely large fish: the world record rainbow trout (48 lbs) and burbot (25 lbs) were both caught in the lake. Planet Labs



Lake Diefenbaker, Saskatchewan, Canada. September 1, 2014.

Filled in 1967, Lake Diefenbaker is a 140-mile-long reservoir along the South Saskatchewan and Qu’Appelle Rivers. Diefenbaker is renowned for harboring extremely large fish: the world record rainbow trout (48 lbs) and burbot (25 lbs) were both caught in the lake.



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Adeii Eechii Cliffs, Arizona, USA. September 1, 2014.


The prominent Adeii Eechii Cliffs form the southwestern boundary of the Moenkopi Plateau. Strong winds from the southwest dominate during the dry season, sculpting sand into light-colored dunes. Planet Labs



Adeii Eechii Cliffs, Arizona, USA. September 1, 2014.

The prominent Adeii Eechii Cliffs form the southwestern boundary of the Moenkopi Plateau. Strong winds from the southwest dominate during the dry season, sculpting sand into light-colored dunes.



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Onega River Delta, Russia. July 19, 2014.


On July 19, 2014 a Planet Labs satellite captured this image of exposed mud flats along the southeastern shore of Russia’s Onega Bay. Planet Labs



Onega River Delta, Russia. July 19, 2014.

On July 19, 2014 a Planet Labs satellite captured this image of exposed mud flats along the southeastern shore of Russia’s Onega Bay.



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Grand Canyon, Arizona, USA, August 16, 2014.


The red, sediment-filled Colorado River contrasts with blue-green Havasu Creek in Grand Canyon National Park. The Colorado River is almost always red in spring and summer, since it collects silt from a huge watershed. Short tributaries usually run clear. Planet Labs



Grand Canyon, Arizona, USA, August 16, 2014.

The red, sediment-filled Colorado River contrasts with blue-green Havasu Creek in Grand Canyon National Park. The Colorado River is almost always red in spring and summer, since it collects silt from a huge watershed. Short tributaries usually run clear.



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St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada. July 24, 2014.


This coastline on Lake Ontario stretches from the western side of St. Catharines, the largest city in the Niagara region of Ontario, Canada. The Queen Elizabeth Way runs right by the water, heading to Toronto. Planet Labs



St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada. July 24, 2014.

This coastline on Lake Ontario stretches from the western side of St. Catharines, the largest city in the Niagara region of Ontario, Canada. The Queen Elizabeth Way runs right by the water, heading to Toronto.



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Burning Fields, Itumbiara, Brazil. August 9, 2014.


In this August 9th Planet Labs image, a large field is burning near Itumbiara, Brazil. Planet Labs



Burning Fields, Itumbiara, Brazil. August 9, 2014.

In this August 9th Planet Labs image, a large field is burning near Itumbiara, Brazil.



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Evaporate Mine, Inner Mongolia, China. July 26, 2014.


The basin of Baga Nur, a former salt lake south of Ordos in Inner Mongolia, is mined for salt. Inner Mongolia is rich in rare earth resources and mineral deposits, so many evaporate mines like the one pictured have been built. Planet Labs



Evaporate Mine, Inner Mongolia, China. July 26, 2014.

The basin of Baga Nur, a former salt lake south of Ordos in Inner Mongolia, is mined for salt. Inner Mongolia is rich in rare earth resources and mineral deposits, so many evaporate mines like the one pictured have been built.



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Circular Fields, Şanlıurfa Province, Turkey. October 5, 2014.


Farmers in the Fertile Crescent have relied on irrigation since the dawn of agriculture. Water from reservoirs developed on the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers in the past 25 years enabled the expansion of cropland in the region, including these circular fields in Turkey. Planet Labs



Circular Fields, Şanlıurfa Province, Turkey. October 5, 2014.

Farmers in the Fertile Crescent have relied on irrigation since the dawn of agriculture. Water from reservoirs developed on the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers in the past 25 years enabled the expansion of cropland in the region, including these circular fields in Turkey.



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Wuzhong, Ningxia, China. August 14, 2014.


Wuzhong is a rapidly-growing city located in north-central China. The dense urban core is surrounded by fields, likely rice paddies. Irrigation water is brought to the otherwise arid region by the sediment-filled Yellow River, to the northwest (above and left) of the city. Planet Labs



Wuzhong, Ningxia, China. August 14, 2014.

Wuzhong is a rapidly-growing city located in north-central China. The dense urban core is surrounded by fields, likely rice paddies. Irrigation water is brought to the otherwise arid region by the sediment-filled Yellow River, to the northwest (above and left) of the city.



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Ocotillo Wind Project, California, USA. September 22, 2014.


The 80-meter-tall turbines of the Ocotillo Wind project cast long shadows across the Imperial Valley’s desert floor on the morning of Sep. 22, 2014. Each of the 112 turbines is capable of generating 2.37 megawatts of power, for a maximum output of 265 megawatts. Planet Labs



Ocotillo Wind Project, California, USA. September 22, 2014.

The 80-meter-tall turbines of the Ocotillo Wind project cast long shadows across the Imperial Valley’s desert floor on the morning of Sep. 22, 2014. Each of the 112 turbines is capable of generating 2.37 megawatts of power, for a maximum output of 265 megawatts.



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Suez Canal, Ismailia, Egypt. July 10, 2014.


Ships head north through the Suez Canal, passing by Izbat Abu Sitayt between Lake Timsah to the north, and Great Bitter Lake to the south. The Isamilia Canal, or Sweet Water Canal, runs parallel to the Suez Canal and supplies water to the surrounding regions. Planet Labs



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Longyangxia Dam Solar Park, China. September 29, 2014.


Blue squares in an otherwise empty desert demarcate one of the world’s largest solar power plants. The solar portion of the Longyangxia hydro-solar project, located in China’s Qinghai Province, generates up to 320 Megawatts of power. Planet Labs



Longyangxia Dam Solar Park, China. September 29, 2014.

Blue squares in an otherwise empty desert demarcate one of the world’s largest solar power plants. The solar portion of the Longyangxia hydro-solar project, located in China’s Qinghai Province, generates up to 320 Megawatts of power.



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Coal Mines, Shanxi Province, China. July 31, 2014.


The town of Jingping is surrounded by a few large coal mines. China is the largest coal producer in the world, and Shanxi Province contains most of China’s easily accessible coal, producing more than 300 million metric tonnes annually. Planet Labs



Coal Mines, Shanxi Province, China. July 31, 2014.

The town of Jingping is surrounded by a few large coal mines. China is the largest coal producer in the world, and Shanxi Province contains most of China’s easily accessible coal, producing more than 300 million metric tonnes annually.



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Comondú-La Purísima Volcanic Field, Mexico. October 1, 2014.


Mexico’s Baja California is home to several clusters of volcanoes, including the Comondú-La Purísima volcanic field. Eruptions in the area began about 11 million years ago, and the most recent may have occurred within the past 12,000 years. Planet Labs



Comondú-La Purísima Volcanic Field, Mexico. October 1, 2014.

Mexico’s Baja California is home to several clusters of volcanoes, including the Comondú-La Purísima volcanic field. Eruptions in the area began about 11 million years ago, and the most recent may have occurred within the past 12,000 years.



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Wadi Dib Ring Complex, Egypt. October 1, 2014.


It may look like an impact crater, but instead of being the scar from an incoming meteorite, the Wadi Dib ring complex came from within the Earth itself. The circular structure is the result of an upwelling of magma that solidified into a series of different rock types. Planet Labs



Wadi Dib Ring Complex, Egypt. October 1, 2014.

It may look like an impact crater, but instead of being the scar from an incoming meteorite, the Wadi Dib ring complex came from within the Earth itself. The circular structure is the result of an upwelling of magma that solidified into a series of different rock types.



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North of Bakersfield, California, USA. August 5, 2014.


In this image of agricultural fields north of Bakersfield, there is a stark contrast between the irrigated fields and the adjacent ravine-ridden desert. Bakersfield has been the hardest-hit large urban area by the current drought. Planet Labs



North of Bakersfield, California, USA. August 5, 2014.

In this image of agricultural fields north of Bakersfield, there is a stark contrast between the irrigated fields and the adjacent ravine-ridden desert. Bakersfield has been the hardest-hit large urban area by the current drought.



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Diyarbakir, Southeastern Anatolia, Turkey. July 14, 2014.


This image captures agricultural lands along the Tigris River, and Diyarbakir’s famous walls, which ring the old city. Made out of basalt, the walls were built during the Byzantine Empire. Recently completed additions to the Diyarbakir Airport are also visible. Planet Labs



Diyarbakir, Southeastern Anatolia, Turkey. July 14, 2014.

This image captures agricultural lands along the Tigris River, and Diyarbakir’s famous walls, which ring the old city. Made out of basalt, the walls were built during the Byzantine Empire. Recently completed additions to the Diyarbakir Airport are also visible.



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Russia’s ‘Sandworm’ Hack Has Been Spying on Foreign Governments for Years


Illustration: Patrick George/Getty Images

Patrick George/Getty



A cyberespionage campaign believed to be based in Russia has been targeting government leaders and institutions for nearly five years, according to researchers with iSight Partners who have examined code used in the attacks.


The campaign, dubbed “Sandworm” is believed to have been running since 2009, and used a wide-reaching zero-day exploit uncovered by the researchers that affects nearly every version of the Windows operating system released since Windows Vista.


Although iSight only has a small view of the number of victims targeted in the campaign, the victims include among others, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, Ukrainian and European Union governments, energy and telecommunications firms, defense companies, as well as at least one academic in the US who was singled out for his focus on Ukrainian issues. The attackers also targeted attendees of this year’s GlobSec conference, a high-level national security gathering that attracts foreign ministers and other top leaders from Europe and elsewhere each year.


It appears Sandworm is focused on nabbing documents and emails containing intelligence and diplomatic information about Ukraine, Russia and other topics of importance in the region. But it also attempts to steal SSL keys and code-signing certificates, which iSight says the attackers probably use to further their campaign and breach other systems.


The researchers dubbed the operation “Sandworm” because the attackers make multiple references to the science fiction series Dune in their code. Sandworms, in the Frank Herbert books, are desert creatures on the planet Arrakis who are worshipped as god-like entities.


iSight is not the first to spot the attackers in the wild. Other security firms, including F-Secure in Finland, have uncovered victims over the years. But iSight was able to tie various attacks together to expose commonalities in the five-year campaign. It was encoded references to Dune—which appear in URLs for the attackers’ command-and-control servers—that helped tie some of the attacks together. The URLs include base64 strings that when decoded translate to “arrakis02,” “houseatreides94,” and “epsiloneridani0,” among others.


“Some of the references were very obscure so whoever was writing the malware was a big Dune geek,” says John Hultquist, senior manager for iSight’s Cyber Espionage Threat Intelligence team.


The zero-day vulnerability used in some of the attacks was spotted in early September. The attackers use it to infect victims with malicious attachments, primarily PowerPoint files. iSight Partners has been working with Microsoft to fix the problem, a patch for which is being released today.


The zero-day affects the way Windows handles PowerPoint files and allows the attackers to execute remote code on targeted systems. When a victim clicks on a malicious PowerPoint file, the exploit in the file installs a malicious executable that opens a backdoor onto the system.


“They’ve had a high degree of success in terms of infiltration based on the use of the zero day,” says Hultquist.


Some Sandworm attacks also use five older vulnerabilities that have already been patched. The exploits are used to install various versions of BlackEnergy, a malicious tool used by cybercriminals. The tool gained notoriety in 2008 when botnets infected with the malware were used to launch denial-of-service attacks against systems in Georgia during a standoff between that country and Russia.


Researchers at iSight say the use of conventional criminal malware has helped the attackers blend in with other operations and remain under the radar, since any victims who uncovered infections probably believed their computers had been infected for a botnet to be used by spammers.


The first variant of BlackEnergy was created by a Russian national named Oleksiuk Dmytro, with limited functionality as a DDoS tool. A subsequent variant included modules for stealing banking credentials, though Dmytro has always denied involvement in developing later versions of the tool. The Sandworm team appears to be using the malware to collect intelligence. The researchers say their use of BlackEnergy indicates a link between the attackers and the criminal underground, although their campaign is more sophisticated.


The researchers have found samples of the malware that are built to communicate through the internal proxy servers on a victim’s network. Many companies install proxies between internal systems and the Internet to protect those internal systems and enforce internet usage policies. Outgoing communication gets routed through the servers, which use private internal IP addresses that are not advertised to the outside world. The researchers found proxy addresses belonging to victim networks coded into the malware to allow them to exfiltrate stolen data to their command-and-control servers. The attackers had obviously done reconnaissance and knew the layout of the internal network to know how to get the stolen data out.


“Some people might think they’re run-of-the-mill criminals,” says Hultquist. “But they’re not going after credentials. They want knowledge that only a few people can use. That’s security-related information and diplomatic information and intelligence on NATO and Ukraine and Poland.”


Two details of Sandworm lead the iSight Partners to conclude it’s originating from Russia, possibly as a state-sponsored operation. First, files used for the command-and-control servers are written in Russian; and second, the victims targeted and the type of information used to lure them into clicking on malicious attachments focus on topics that would be of interest to Russia’s adversaries. One attachment purports to be a list of pro-Russia “terrorists” that the victim is invited to view.


Other victims have been targeted with emails purporting to provide information about military and intelligence operations directed against Russia. In 2013, NATO was targeted with a phishing document focused on European diplomacy, and a Polish energy firm was targeted with an attachment purporting to be about shale gas. Earlier this year, high-level government officials attending the GlobSec conference in Bratislava, Slovakia, were targeted with a malicious email purporting to come from conference organizers. Ukrainian Prime Minister Arseniy Yatsenyuk and Vitali Klitschko, former heavyweight boxing champion and a candidate for the post of mayor of Kiev, were scheduled to attend the conference but cancelled at the last minute.